Below are the most used glossary terms for ChatGPT and Generative Pre-trained Transformer that all of the AI enthusiasts must know about!
- ChatGPT: A conversational AI model developed by OpenAI that can generate human-like responses to user inputs.
- GPT-3: The third iteration of OpenAI’s Generative Pre-trained Transformer language model, with 175 billion parameters.
- Language model: A type of machine learning model that can generate text based on the patterns it has learned from a large dataset of examples.
- Pre-training: The process of training a language model on a large dataset to learn the patterns of natural language.
- Fine-tuning: The process of adapting a pre-trained language model to a specific task or domain.
- Natural language processing (NLP): The field of computer science that deals with the interactions between computers and human language.
- API: Application Programming Interface, which allows software applications to communicate with each other.
- Text generation: The process of generating new text based on a given prompt or context.
- Sentiment analysis: The process of determining the emotional tone of a piece of text.
- Named entity recognition (NER): The process of identifying and extracting named entities from text, such as people, places, and organizations.
- Text classification: The process of categorizing text into predefined categories, such as spam vs. non-spam.
- Conversational AI: The field of AI that deals with creating AI systems that can converse with humans in a natural way.
- Transformer architecture: A type of neural network architecture that is particularly well-suited for language processing tasks.
- Encoder: A component of the Transformer architecture that encodes input text into a set of hidden representations.
- Decoder: A component of the Transformer architecture that decodes the hidden representations into output text.
- Attention mechanism: A component of the Transformer architecture that allows the model to focus on different parts of the input text.
- Multi-head attention: A variant of the attention mechanism that allows the model to attend to different parts of the input text simultaneously.
- Token: A unit of text that is processed by a language model, typically a word or a subword.
- BERT: Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers, a language model developed by Google.
- LSTM: Long Short-Term Memory, a type of recurrent neural network architecture commonly used in language processing tasks.
- RNN: Recurrent Neural Network, a type of neural network architecture that is designed for processing sequences of data, such as text.
- Seq2seq: Sequence-to-sequence, a type of neural network architecture that is commonly used for machine translation and other sequence processing tasks.
- BLEU score: Bilingual Evaluation Understudy score, a metric used to evaluate the quality of machine translation systems.
- Perplexity: A measure of how well a language model can predict a sequence of words.
- Top-k sampling: A text generation technique where the model selects the top-k most likely words at each step.
- Beam search: A text generation technique where the model generates several possible sequences of words and selects the most likely one.
- Unconditional text generation: Text generation without any input prompt or context.
- Conditional text generation: Text generation with a given input prompt or context.
- Prompt engineering: The process of creating an input prompt that is tailored to a specific task or domain.
- Prompt and prompting: Input text provided by a user to initiate a conversation or to ask a question. It is the starting point for ChatGPT to generate a response based on its training. The prompt serves as a context or cue for ChatGPT to generate a relevant and coherent reply.
- Zero-shot learning: The ability of a language model to perform a task without being explicitly trained on that task.
- Few-shot learning: The ability of a language model to perform a task with only a small amount of training data.
- Meta-learning: The ability of a language model to learn
- Backpropagation: The process of calculating the gradients of a neural network’s parameters with respect to a loss function, in order to update the network’s parameters through optimization.
- Gradient descent: A commonly used optimization algorithm in machine learning, which iteratively adjusts the model parameters in the direction of the steepest descent of the loss function.
- Learning rate: A hyperparameter that controls the step size of the parameter updates during optimization.
- Overfitting: A phenomenon in machine learning where a model performs well on the training data, but poorly on the test data, due to memorizing the training data instead of learning generalizable patterns.
- Regularization: A set of techniques used to prevent overfitting, such as L1/L2 regularization, dropout, and early stopping.
- Fine-tuning dataset: A dataset used for fine-tuning a language model on a specific task or domain.
- Inference: The process of using a trained language model to generate text, given an input prompt or context.
- Multi-lingual: A language model that can process and generate text in multiple languages.
- Transformer-XL: A variant of the Transformer architecture that is designed to handle longer sequences of text.
- T5: A language model developed by Google that is trained on a wide range of natural language tasks, and can perform text-to-text transformations.
- RoBERTa: A variant of BERT that is trained using a larger dataset and longer training time, and achieves state-of-the-art performance on several natural language processing tasks.
- GPT-2: The second iteration of OpenAI’s Generative Pre-trained Transformer language model, with 1.5 billion parameters.
- GPT-1: The first iteration of OpenAI’s Generative Pre-trained Transformer language model, with 117 million parameters.
- Human parity: The achievement of a language model’s performance on a task reaching or exceeding human performance.
- Transfer learning: The process of transferring knowledge learned from one task or domain to another, in order to improve performance on the target task or domain.
- Multi-task learning: The process of training a language model to perform multiple tasks simultaneously, in order to learn more generalized representations.
- N-gram: A sequence of n consecutive words in a piece of text, commonly used in language modeling.
- Embedding: A vector representation of a word or subword, learned by a language model during training, which captures the meaning and context of the word within the training data.
- Byte Pair Encoding (BPE): A technique used in tokenization that breaks words into subword units based on their frequency in a corpus.
- Cross-Validation: A technique for evaluating the performance of a model by splitting the data into training and validation sets and testing the model on multiple subsets of the data.
- Domain Adaptation: The process of adapting a language model trained on one domain to perform well on a different domain, such as news articles versus scientific papers.
- Ensembling: The process of combining multiple models to improve performance and reduce variance.
- Human-in-the-Loop (HITL): An approach to training AI models that involves human input and feedback to improve model performance and accuracy.
- Knowledge Graph: A type of database that stores structured information about entities and their relationships, often used to provide context and background information for language models.
- One-Shot Learning: A type of learning where the model is trained on a single example of a new task and can generalize to new examples of that task.
- Transferability: The ability of a language model to transfer its knowledge from one domain or task to another, often measured by the performance on downstream tasks.
- AI writing tools: Software applications that use artificial intelligence (AI) to generate written content automatically. These tools typically use natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) algorithms to analyze and understand the context and intent of text inputs, and generate responses that are relevant, coherent, and grammatically correct
- AI content detection: The use of artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning and natural language processing, to automatically identify and classify different types of content in digital media. This can include identifying and filtering out spam, detecting fake news or misinformation, flagging inappropriate or offensive content, and categorizing content based on topics or keywords.